Sunscreen 101

The official start to summer is around the corner, but the heat is already here in the Carolinas! Whether you're hitting the beach or just walking the dog, sunscreen should be your daily essential. The team at Prime Family Pharmacy cares about your skin’s health, so we’ve put together this guide to help you choose and use sunscreen effectively.

Why Sunscreen Matters

Ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun can damage your skin in as little as 15 minutes. Prolonged exposure can lead to premature aging, sunburn, and even skin cancer. A good sunscreen acts as a barrier, protecting your skin from harmful UV radiation.

Understanding SPF

SPF stands for Sun Protection Factor. Here’s what you need to know:

• SPF 15 blocks about 93% of UVB rays
• SPF 30 blocks about 97%
• SPF 50 blocks about 98%‍
• SPF 100 blocks about 99%

No sunscreen blocks 100% of UV rays, and higher SPF doesn’t mean you can stay in the sun longer without reapplying. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends using sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher for effective protection against skin cancer and premature aging, however sunscreens over SPF 30 are generally considered adequate protection for most people. 

Broad-Spectrum Protection

Always choose a broad-spectrum sunscreen, which protects against both UVA (aging) and UVB (burning) rays. Look for this label on the bottle.

Application Tips

• Apply generously: Adults should use about one ounce (a shot glass full) to cover their entire body.‍
• Timing: Apply sunscreen 15 minutes before sun exposure.
• Don’t forget: Ears, neck, hands, feet, and the back of the knees often get overlooked.
• Reapply every 2 hours, and immediately after swimming or sweating - even if it’s “water-resistant.”
• Use daily: UV rays are present year-round, even on cloudy days.

Mineral vs. Chemical Sunscreens

Sunscreens come in a variety of forms - lotions, creams, sticks, gels, oils, sprays and more. However, there are two main categories:

• Mineral sunscreens:
  
  • Ingredients: Contains zinc oxide or titanium dioxide.
  • How it works: Sits on top of skin and reflects rays.
  • Pros:
    • Less irritating than chemical sunscreens, making them suitable for sensitive skin. 
    • Start protecting the skin immediately upon application, unlike chemical sunscreens which need time to absorb.
    • May be more eco-friendly as they don't contact ingredients that may be harmful to coral reefs.
  • Cons:
    • Can leave a white cast or appear chalky on the skin, especially with thicker formulations.
    • May need to be reapplied more frequently, especially after swimming or sweating. 

• Chemical sunscreens:
  
  • Ingredients: Can include avobenzone, octinoxate, and oxybenzone.
  • How it works: Absorbs UV rays and transforms them into heat.
  • Pros:
    
    • Can provide a more lightweight texture and blend more easily into the skin.
    • May offer more consistent coverage against UVA and UVB rays.
  • Cons:
    • Can leave a white cast or appear chalky on the skin, especially with thicker formulations.
    • May need to be reapplied more frequently, especially after swimming or sweating.
    • Some ingredients have been linked to potential environmental concerns, such as reef damage.

Sunscreen for All Ages

• Babies under 6 months: Keep them in the shade and dress them in protective clothing. Sunscreen isn’t recommended at this age.
• Children and sensitive skin: Look for fragrance-free, mineral-based sunscreens.

Important Notes

• Sunscreen expires. Do not use sunscreen after the expiration date, as it will not be as effective. If there is no expiration date, it is considered expired 3 years after purchase.
• Do not expose sunscreen containers to direct sun - this will help maintain its effectiveness.
• Some spray sunscreens can be flammable - read the label to avoid potential burns.
• No sunscreen is considered waterproof - they all eventually wash off. Water-resistant sunscreen should be reapplied as recommended on the bottle.

Stock Up and Stay Safe This Summer!

Not sure which sunscreen is right for you? Come visit us at Prime Family Pharmacy and speak with our knowledgeable staff. We carry a variety of dermatologist-recommended brands, including options for sensitive skin, sports use, and everyday wear.